将Matplotlib嵌入wxPython的GUI界面中

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import wx import numpy as np import matplotlib # matplotlib采用WXAgg为后台,将matplotlib嵌入wxPython中 matplotlib.use("WXAgg") from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import NavigationToolbar2WxAgg as NavigationToolbar from matplotlib.ticker import MultipleLocator, FuncFormatter import pylab from matplotlib import pyplot ###################################################################################### class MPL_Panel_base(wx.Panel): ''''' #MPL_Panel_base面板,可以继承或者创建实例''' def __init__(self, parent): wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent=parent, id=-1) self.Figure = matplotlib.figure.Figure(figsize=(4, 3)) self.axes = self.Figure.add_axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8]) self.FigureCanvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.Figure) self.NavigationToolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.FigureCanvas) self.StaticText = wx.StaticText(self, -1, label='Show Help String') self.SubBoxSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) self.SubBoxSizer.Add(self.NavigationToolbar, proportion=0, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.SubBoxSizer.Add(self.StaticText, proportion=-1, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.TopBoxSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) self.TopBoxSizer.Add(self.SubBoxSizer, proportion=-1, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.TopBoxSizer.Add(self.FigureCanvas, proportion=-10, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.SetSizer(self.TopBoxSizer) ###方便调用 self.pylab = pylab self.pl = pylab self.pyplot = pyplot self.numpy = np self.np = np self.plt = pyplot def UpdatePlot(self): '''''#修改图形的任何属性后都必须使用self.UpdatePlot()更新GUI界面 ''' self.FigureCanvas.draw() def plot(self, *args, **kwargs): '''''#最常用的绘图命令plot ''' self.axes.plot(*args, **kwargs) self.UpdatePlot() def semilogx(self, *args, **kwargs): ''''' #对数坐标绘图命令 ''' self.axes.semilogx(*args, **kwargs) self.UpdatePlot() def semilogy(self, *args, **kwargs): ''''' #对数坐标绘图命令 ''' self.axes.semilogy(*args, **kwargs) self.UpdatePlot() def loglog(self, *args, **kwargs): ''''' #对数坐标绘图命令 ''' self.axes.loglog(*args, **kwargs) self.UpdatePlot() def grid(self, flag=True): ''''' ##显示网格 ''' if flag: self.axes.grid() else: self.axes.grid(False) def title_MPL(self, TitleString="wxMatPlotLib Example In wxPython"): ''''' # 给图像添加一个标题 ''' self.axes.set_title(TitleString) def xlabel(self, XabelString="X"): ''''' # Add xlabel to the plotting ''' self.axes.set_xlabel(XabelString) def ylabel(self, YabelString="Y"): ''''' # Add ylabel to the plotting ''' self.axes.set_ylabel(YabelString) def xticker(self, major_ticker=1.0, minor_ticker=0.1): ''''' # 设置X轴的刻度大小 ''' self.axes.xaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(major_ticker)) self.axes.xaxis.set_minor_locator(MultipleLocator(minor_ticker)) def yticker(self, major_ticker=1.0, minor_ticker=0.1): ''''' # 设置Y轴的刻度大小 ''' self.axes.yaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(major_ticker)) self.axes.yaxis.set_minor_locator(MultipleLocator(minor_ticker)) def legend(self, *args, **kwargs): ''''' #图例legend for the plotting ''' self.axes.legend(*args, **kwargs) def xlim(self, x_min, x_max): ''' # 设置x轴的显示范围 ''' self.axes.set_xlim(x_min, x_max) def ylim(self, y_min, y_max): ''' # 设置y轴的显示范围 ''' self.axes.set_ylim(y_min, y_max) def savefig(self, *args, **kwargs): ''' #保存图形到文件 ''' self.Figure.savefig(*args, **kwargs) def cla(self): ''' # 再次画图前,必须调用该命令清空原来的图形 ''' self.axes.clear() self.Figure.set_canvas(self.FigureCanvas) self.UpdatePlot() def ShowHelpString(self, HelpString="Show Help String"): ''''' #可以用它来显示一些帮助信息,如鼠标位置等 ''' self.StaticText.SetLabel(HelpString) ################################################################ class MPL_Panel(MPL_Panel_base): ''''' #MPL_Panel重要面板,可以继承或者创建实例 ''' def __init__(self, parent): MPL_Panel_base.__init__(self, parent=parent) # 测试一下 self.FirstPlot() # 仅仅用于测试和初始化,意义不大 def FirstPlot(self): # self.rc('lines',lw=5,c='r') self.cla() x = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25) y = np.sin(x) self.yticker(0.5, 0.1) self.xticker(1.0, 0.2) self.xlabel('X') self.ylabel('Y') self.title_MPL("图像") self.grid() self.plot(x, y, '--^g') ############################################################################### # MPL_Frame添加了MPL_Panel的1个实例 ############################################################################### class MPL_Frame(wx.Frame): """MPL_Frame可以继承,并可修改,或者直接使用""" def __init__(self, title="MPL_Frame Example In wxPython", size=(800, 500)): wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=None, title=title, size=size) self.MPL = MPL_Panel_base(self) # 创建FlexGridSizer self.FlexGridSizer = wx.FlexGridSizer(rows=9, cols=1, vgap=5, hgap=5) self.FlexGridSizer.SetFlexibleDirection(wx.BOTH) self.RightPanel = wx.Panel(self, -1) # 测试按钮1 self.Button1 = wx.Button(self.RightPanel, -1, "刷新", size=(100, 40), pos=(10, 10)) self.Button1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Button1Event) # 测试按钮2 self.Button2 = wx.Button(self.RightPanel, -1, "关于", size=(100, 40), pos=(10, 10)) self.Button2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Button2Event) # 加入Sizer中 self.FlexGridSizer.Add(self.Button1, proportion=0, border=5, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.FlexGridSizer.Add(self.Button2, proportion=0, border=5, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.RightPanel.SetSizer(self.FlexGridSizer) self.BoxSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) self.BoxSizer.Add(self.MPL, proportion=-10, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.BoxSizer.Add(self.RightPanel, proportion=0, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.SetSizer(self.BoxSizer) # 状态栏 self.StatusBar() # MPL_Frame界面居中显示 self.Centre(wx.BOTH) # 按钮事件,用于测试 def Button1Event(self, event): self.MPL.cla() # 必须清理图形,才能显示下一幅图 x = np.arange(-10, 10, 0.25) y = np.cos(x) self.MPL.plot(x, y, '--*g') self.MPL.xticker(2.0, 0.5) self.MPL.yticker(0.5, 0.1) self.MPL.title_MPL("MPL1") self.MPL.ShowHelpString("You Can Show MPL Helpful String Here !") self.MPL.grid() self.MPL.UpdatePlot() # 必须刷新才能显示 def Button2Event(self, event): self.AboutDialog() # 打开文件,用于测试 def DoOpenFile(self): wildcard = r"Data files (*.dat)|*.dat|Text files (*.txt)|*.txt|ALL Files (*.*)|*.*" open_dlg = wx.FileDialog(self, message='Choose a file', wildcard=wildcard, style='') if open_dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: path = open_dlg.GetPath() try: file = open(path, 'r') text = file.read() file.close() except: dlg = wx.MessageDialog(self, 'Error opening file\n') dlg.ShowModal() open_dlg.Destroy() # 自动创建状态栏 def StatusBar(self): self.statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar() self.statusbar.SetFieldsCount(3) self.statusbar.SetStatusWidths([-2, -2, -1]) # About对话框 def AboutDialog(self): dlg = wx.MessageDialog(self, '\twxMatPlotLib\t\nMPL_Panel_base,MPL_Panel,MPL_Frame and MPL2_Frame \n Created by Wu Xuping\n Version 1.0.0 \n 2012-02-01', 'About MPL_Frame and MPL_Panel', wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION) dlg.ShowModal() dlg.Destroy() ############################################################################### ### MPL2_Frame添加了MPL_Panel的两个实例 ############################################################################### class MPL2_Frame(wx.Frame): """MPL2_Frame可以继承,并可修改,或者直接使用""" def __init__(self, title="MPL2_Frame Example In wxPython", size=(850, 500)): wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=None, title=title, size=size) self.BoxSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) self.MPL1 = MPL_Panel_base(self) self.BoxSizer.Add(self.MPL1, proportion=-1, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.MPL2 = MPL_Panel_base(self) self.BoxSizer.Add(self.MPL2, proportion=-1, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.RightPanel = wx.Panel(self, -1) self.BoxSizer.Add(self.RightPanel, proportion=0, border=2, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.SetSizer(self.BoxSizer) # 创建FlexGridSizer self.FlexGridSizer = wx.FlexGridSizer(rows=9, cols=1, vgap=5, hgap=5) self.FlexGridSizer.SetFlexibleDirection(wx.BOTH) # 测试按钮1 self.Button1 = wx.Button(self.RightPanel, -1, "TestButton", size=(100, 40), pos=(10, 10)) self.Button1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Button1Event) # 测试按钮2 self.Button2 = wx.Button(self.RightPanel, -1, "AboutButton", size=(100, 40), pos=(10, 10)) self.Button2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Button2Event) # 加入Sizer中 self.FlexGridSizer.Add(self.Button1, proportion=0, border=5, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.FlexGridSizer.Add(self.Button2, proportion=0, border=5, flag=wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND) self.RightPanel.SetSizer(self.FlexGridSizer) # 状态栏 self.StatusBar() # MPL2_Frame界面居中显示 self.Centre(wx.BOTH) # 按钮事件,用于测试 def Button1Event(self, event): self.MPL1.cla() # 必须清理图形,才能显示下一幅图 x = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.2) y = np.cos(x) self.MPL1.plot(x, y, '--*g') self.MPL1.xticker(2.0, 1.0) self.MPL1.yticker(0.5, 0.1) self.MPL1.title_MPL("MPL1") self.MPL1.ShowHelpString("You Can Show MPL1 Helpful String Here !") self.MPL1.grid() self.MPL1.UpdatePlot() # 必须刷新才能显示 self.MPL2.cla() self.MPL2.plot(x, np.sin(x), ':^b') self.MPL2.xticker(1.0, 0.5) self.MPL2.yticker(0.2, 0.1) self.MPL2.title_MPL("MPL2") self.MPL2.grid() self.MPL2.UpdatePlot() def Button2Event(self, event): self.AboutDialog() # 自动创建状态栏 def StatusBar(self): self.statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar() self.statusbar.SetFieldsCount(3) self.statusbar.SetStatusWidths([-2, -2, -1]) # About对话框 def AboutDialog(self): dlg = wx.MessageDialog(self, '\twxMatPlotLib\t\nMPL_Panel_base,MPL_Panel,MPL_Frame and MPL2_Frame \n Created by Wu Xuping\n Version 1.0.0 \n 2012-02-01', 'About MPL_Frame and MPL_Panel', wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION) dlg.ShowModal() dlg.Destroy() ######################################################################## # 主程序测试 if __name__ == '__main__': app = wx.App() frame = MPL2_Frame() #frame = MPL_Frame() frame.Center() frame.Show() app.MainLoop()