<header> HTML header element

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2015.

The <header> HTML element represents introductory content, typically a group of introductory or navigational aids. It may contain some heading elements but also a logo, a search form, an author name, and other elements.

Try it

<header>
  <a class="logo" href="#">Cute Puppies Express!</a>
</header>

<article>
  <header>
    <h1>Beagles</h1>
    <time>08.12.2014</time>
  </header>
  <p>
    I love beagles <em>so</em> much! Like, really, a lot. They're adorable and
    their ears are so, so snugly soft!
  </p>
</article>

.logo {
  background: left / cover
    url("/shared-assets/images/examples/puppy-header.jpg");
  display: flex;
  height: 120px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font:
    bold calc(1em + 2 * (100vw - 120px) / 100) "Dancing Script",
    fantasy;
  color: #ff0083;
  text-shadow: black 2px 2px 0.2rem;
}

header > h1 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

header > time {
  font: italic 0.7rem sans-serif;
}

Usage notes

When not nested within sectioning content, <main>, or an element with the same ARIA role as these elements' implicit ARIA role, then the <header> element has an identical meaning to the site-wide banner landmark role. It defines a global site header, which usually includes a logo, company name, search feature, and possibly the global navigation or a slogan. It is generally located at the top of the page.

Otherwise, when nested within said elements, it loses its landmark status and represents a group of introductory or navigational aids for the surrounding section. It usually contains the surrounding section's heading (an h1 – h6 element) and optional subheading, but this is not required.

Historical Usage

The <header> element originally existed at the very beginning of HTML for headings. It is seen in the very first website. At some point, headings became <h1> through <h6>, allowing <header> to be free to fill a different role.

Attributes

This element only includes the global attributes.

Accessibility

The <header> element defines a banner landmark when its context is the <body> element.

When placed inside an <article>, <main>, <section>, <nav>, <aside>, or an element with the same ARIA role as these elements' implicit ARIA role, the <header> element has the generic role instead, and is no longer considered a landmark. In this case, it cannot be labeled with aria-label or aria-labelledby.

Examples

Page Header

html
<header>
  <h1>Main Page Title</h1>
  <img src="mdn-logo-sm.png" alt="MDN logo" />
</header>

Result

Article Header

html
<article>
  <header>
    <h2>The Planet Earth</h2>
    <p>
      Posted on Wednesday, <time datetime="2017-10-04">4 October 2017</time> by
      Jane Smith
    </p>
  </header>
  <p>
    We live on a planet that's blue and green, with so many things still unseen.
  </p>
  <p><a href="https://example.com/the-planet-earth/">Continue reading…</a></p>
</article>

Result

Technical summary

Content categories Permitted content Tag omission Permitted parents Implicit ARIA role Permitted ARIA roles DOM interface

Flow content, palpable content.

Flow content, but with no <header> or <footer> descendant.

None, both the starting and ending tag are mandatory.

Any element that accepts flow content. Note that a <header> element must not be a descendant of an <address>, <footer> or another <header> element.

banner, or generic if a descendant of an article, aside, main, nav or section element, or an element with article, complementary, main, navigation or region role

group, presentation or none

HTMLElement